Warning signs

If any of the following are observed, screening is recommended, and an occupational therapy referral may be warranted.

At Any Age

  • Child does not play or show interest in age-appropriate toys

  • Lack of motor skill development is interfering with child’s participation in age-appropriate sports or games

  • Any regression of fine motor skills, activities of daily living, or ability to sustain attention.

  • Under or over-sensitive to touch, becomes upset, resists wearing certain types of clothing

  • Child has difficulty learning and performing unfamiliar motor tasks and appears awkward in his movements

  • Frustrates easily when change happens, or has difficulty with transitions

  • Impulsive, uses poor safety and judgment, accident-prone

  • Difficulty maintaining attention due to high/low energy level

  • Inability to transition to different textured foods

  • Poor chewing skills

Under 1 Year

  • Disinterest in reaching and grasping for toys after 3 months

  • Delay in developmental activities or milestones such as rolling, sitting crawling, pulling to stand

2-3 Years

  • Not using pincer grasp (grasp between thumb and first finger) to pick up small objects or foods or isolating first finger for pointing

  • Not reaching across midline of body

  • Delay or disinterest in using crayons, pencil, or utensils

  • Requires help to take off clothes, socks, and shoes after 21⁄2 years

  • Not attempting to self feed with utensils

3-5 Years

  • Difficulty engaging with peers or avoids social play

  • Immature grasp on a pencil or crayon

  • Is not toilet trained, including handwashing by 4 years

  • Unable to copy lines and circles

  • Unable to operate scissors

5-8 Years

  • Difficulty manipulating fasteners (button, zip, or snap)

  • Inability to dress self

  • No established hand dominance

  • Difficulty coloring, drawing pictures, or cutting by 6 years

  • Difficulty moving on playground equipment

  • Unable to complete 2-3 step directions

  • Inability to tie shoes by 7 years

  • Child has poor/illegible handwriting or reverses letters after 7 years

  • Inability to bath self completely (including hair)/brush teeth by 8

8+ Years

  • Difficulty pouring water from a jug into a glass without spilling

  • Difficulty cutting food with a knife

  • Avoids activities that challenge balance

  • Unable to perform work taking between 10-30 minutes

  • Poor or illegible handwriting

  • Difficulty completing mazes, dot-to-dots, or copying designs